I am currently reviewing papers for a literature review about Mutual Modeling (i.e. process by which people infer the partners' intents, goals, understanding of the situation when involved in a collaborative activity). Here is a review of what Herbert Clark calls 'coordination devices' or 'coordination keys', that is to say mechanism people rely on too coordinate (taken from Common Ground and Coordination in Joint Activity by Gary Klein, Paul J. Feltovich, Jeffrey M. Bradshaw and David D. Woods in 2004):
Agreement: Coordinating parties can explicitly communicate their intentions and work out elements of coordination. This category includes, in addition to language, diverse other forms of signaling that have shared meaning for the participants, including signs, gestures, and displays.Convention: Often prescriptions of various types and degrees of authority apply to how parties interact. These can range from rules and regulations to less formal codes of appropriate conduct. These less formal codes include norms of practice in a particular professional community as well as established practices in a workplace. Coordination by convention depends on structures outside of a particular episode of joint activity.
Precedent: Coordination by precedent is like coordination by convention, except that it applies to norms and expectations developed within the ongoing experience of the joint activity. As the process unfolds, decisions are made about the naming and interpretation of things, standards of acceptable behavior and quality (e.g., what is established by this particular surgical team, during the course of a surgical procedure, as the standard for adequate cauterization of a vessel), who on the team tends to take the lead, and so forth. As these arise and develop during the course of the activity, they tend to be adopted as devices (or norms) of coordination for the remainder of the activity.
Salience: Salience has to do with how the ongoing work arranges the workspace so that next move becomes apparent within the many moves that could conceivably be chosen. During surgery, for example, exposure of a certain element of anatomy in the course of pursuing a particular surgical goal can make it clear to all parties involved what to do next. Coordination by salience is produced by the very conduct of the joint activity itself. It requires little overt communication and is likely to be the predominant mode of coordination among long-standing, highly practiced teams.
Why do I blog this? these categories make sense to analyse the data extracted from CatchBob (especially the confrontation of the players to the replay tool). Each of those can be used as categories of coordination keys used in catchbob.